Which term refers to varicose veins of the rectum or anus?

• A. Erythrocytes
• B. Hemorrhoids
• C. Embolism
• D. Ascites

Answer: (B)

Hemorrhoids are varicose veins in the rectum or anus. They form when the veins in the anorectal area become swollen and distended, often due to increased venous pressure from straining during bowel movements, constipation, pregnancy, or aging. Hemorrhoids can be internal (inside the rectum, usually painless) or external (under the skin around the anus, which can be painful). They commonly cause bright red blood on toilet paper or stool, itching, and discomfort. The other terms don’t describe this condition: erythrocytes are red blood cells, embolism is a blockage in a vessel by a clot or material, and ascites is fluid buildup in the abdominal cavity.